Nutrition labels are regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and are designed to inform the consumer of the actual ingredients of foods. Food labels are required for all prepared foods and are voluntary for raw produce and fish.
The Nutrition Facts are based on a 2000 calorie diet, which is considered the standard for necessary calories for an average person.
To properly read food labels start with the serving size. Note the size and if it is very small then it is likely that the manufacturer of the product wants the nutritional content to appear reasonable. To accomplish this, manufacturers can legally make the serving size unreasonably small.
Study the list of ingredients. The best nutritional information about a food product is here.
Look for ingredients that have names you recognize. Chemicals have long, difficult words. They are added to foods for flavor enhancement or to preserve. Basically, if you have trouble spelling or pronouncing an ingredient, then you probably should not be putting it in your body.
Ensure the presence of whole grains.
Avoid artificial colors and flavors. Artificial colors have a USDA certified tag FD&C. These colors are approved for use in foods, drugs, and cosmetics. Incredibly, the same colors in your food can be used in cosmetics! Many of these chemicals have been linked to cancer.
Avoid trans fats –these are not natural ingredients. Trans fats are used in food products for one reason and one reason only - they extend shelf life. Try not to consume any food that has “partially hydrogenated” oil listed in the ingredients.
A “fully hydrogenated” fat is a manufactured saturated fat. Fat of this kind has been altered from its original form. Your body will not know how to process this fat.
Notice the sodium content. Sodium is added to benefit the manufacturer. Foods high in sodium are not good for you but good for shelf-life.
Avoid all artificial sweeteners and high fructose corn syrup.
Watch for flavor enhancers. Flavor enhancers are derived from glutamate, which is a powerful neurotransmitter used in the brain. The common names for flavor enhancers are: monosodium glutamate (MSG), hydrolyzed vegetable protein, hydrolyzed protein, hydrolyzed oat flour, sodium caseinate, calcium caseinate, yeast extract, autolyzed yeast, textured protein, plant protein extract, corn oil, and…yes…even natural flavors.
With practice, reading food labels will become easier and your health will improve dramatically with wiser food choices.